To Build Efficacy, Eat the Frog First: People Misunderstand How the Difficulty-Ordering of Tasks Influences Efficacy [PDF]→

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Habbert, R., & Schroeder, J. (2020). To build efficacy, eat the frog first: People misunderstand how the difficulty-ordering of tasks influences efficacy. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 91, 104032. [Science Direct Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper shows that completing tasks in increasing-easiness order builds efficacy more than increasing-difficulty (or randomized) order, but people prefer to complete tasks in the opposing order in part because they inaccurately believe that doing so will enhance their efficacy (7 experiments).

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Demeaning: Dehumanizing Others by Minimizing the Importance of Their Psychological Needs [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Epley, N. (2020). Demeaning: Dehumanizing others by minimizing the importance of their psychological needs. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119, 765-791. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper identifies a novel facet of dehumanization, the tendency to “demean” others’ needs by believing that psychological needs (e.g., need for meaning, autonomy) are relatively less important to others compared to physical needs (e.g., need for food and sleep; 9 experiments).

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Tell it Like it is: When Politically Incorrect Language Promotes Authenticity [PDF]→

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Rosenblum, M., Schroeder, J., & Gino, F. (2020). Tell is like it is: When politically incorrect language promotes authenticity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 119, 75-103. [APA PsycNet Link]

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Consumer Decisions with Artificially Intelligent Voice Assistants [PDF]→

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Dellaert, B., Shu, S., Arentze, T., Baker, T., Diehl, K., Donkers, B., Haeubl, G., Johnson, H., Karmarkar, U., Oppewal, H., Schmitt, B., Schroeder, J., Spiller, S., & Steffel, M. (2020). Consumer decisions with artificially intelligent voice assistants. Marketing Letters, 31(4), 335-347. [Springer Link]

  • Short Summary: Consumers are widely adopting Artificially Intelligent Voice Assistants. This paper (1) provides an overview of how consumer decision-making may change in the presence of AI voice assistants and (2) discusses how marketing managers and policymakers could effectively respond to these effects of AI voice assistants on consumer decisions.

  • Based on an Invitational Choice Symposium on Automated Decision Dialogues (2019)

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Power and Decision Making: New Directions for Research in the Age of Artificial Intelligence [PDF]→

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Fast, N., & Schroeder, J. (2020). Power and decision making: new directions for research in the age of artificial intelligence. Current Opinion in Psychology, 33, 172-176. [Science Direct Link]

  • Short Summary: New advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are creating the potential to experience power in human–AI interactions. This paper reviews findings on power and decision making in the context of human–human interactions and then considers how they may be meaningfully extended through interactions with artificially intelligent digital assistants.

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Two Social Lives: How Differences Between Online and Offline Interaction Influence Social Outcomes [PDF]→

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Lieberman, A., & Schroeder, J. (2019). Two social lives: How differences between online and offline interaction influence social outcomes. Current Opinion in Psychology, 31, 16-21. [Science Direct Link]

  • Short Summary: Today, people communicate more online than offline. What does this shift mean for human social life? This paper provides a framework for studying the influence of technology on social life.

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The Preference for Distributed Helping [PDF]→

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Sharps, D., & Schroeder, J. (2019). The preference for distributed helping. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 117, 954-977. [APA PsycNet Link]

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Handshaking Promotes Dealmaking by Signaling Cooperative Intent [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., Risen, J.L., Gino, F. & Norton, M.I. (2019). Handshaking promotes dealmaking by signaling cooperative intent. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 116, 743-768. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper uses the context of economic games and integrative and distributive negotiations to examine whether handshakes—greeting rituals imbued with meaning beyond mere physical contact—signal a counterpart's intent to be cooperative and promote deal-making outcomes (7 studies).

  • Correction

  • Best Student-led Paper Award, International Association for Conflict Management

  • Data, Materials, and Audit, Pre-registration (Study 5 replication)

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The Psychology of Rituals: An Integrative Review and Process-Based Framework [PDF]→

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Hobson, N.M., Schroeder, J., Risen, J.L., Xygalatas, D., & Inzlicht, M. (2018). The psychology of rituals: An integrative review and process-based framework. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 22, 260-284. [APA PsycNet Link]

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The Humanizing Voice: Speech Reveals, and Text Conceals, a More Thoughtful Mind in the Midst of Disagreement [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., Kardas, M., & Epley, N. (2017). The humanizing voice: Speech reveals, and text conceals, a more thoughtful mind in the midst of disagreement. Psychological Science, 28, 1745-1762. [APA PsycNet Link]

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Functional Intimacy: Needing—But Not Wanting—the Touch of a Stranger [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., Fishbach, A., Schein, C., & Gray, K. (2017). Functional intimacy: Needing—but not wanting—the touch of a stranger. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 113, 910-924. [APA PsycNet Link]

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Endorsing Help for Others That You Oppose for Yourself: Mind Perception Alters the Perceived Effectiveness of Paternalism [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., Waytz, A., & Epley, N. (2017). Endorsing help for others that you oppose for yourself: Mind perception alters the perceived effectiveness of paternalism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 146, 1106-1125. [APA PsycNet Link]

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Mistaking Minds and Machines: How Speech Affects Dehumanization and Anthropomorphism [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Epley, N. (2016). Mistaking minds and machines: How speech affects dehumanization and anthropomorphism. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 145, 1427-1437. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper shows that hearing a human speech (compared with reading the same words in text or watching a human communicator with subtitles) makes evaluators more likely to believe a script was created by a human (vs. computer) regardless of whether it actually was created by a human (4 experiments).

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Many Hands Make Overlooked Work: Overclaiming of Responsibility Increases With Group Size [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., Caruso, E., & Epley, N. (2016). Many hands make overlooked work: Overclaiming of responsibility increases with group size. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 22, 238-246. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that overclaiming (i.e., when group members’ contribution claims sum to more than 100 percent) increases as the group size increases because people fail to sufficiently consider their group members’ contributions (4 studies).

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Befriending the Enemy: Outgroup Friendship Longitudinally Predicts Intergroup Attitudes in a Co-Existence Program for Israelis and Palestinians [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Risen, J.L. (2016). Befriending the enemy: Outgroup friendship longitudinally predicts intergroup attitudes in a co-existence program for Israelis and Palestinians. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 19, 72-93. [SAGE Journals Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that outgroup relationships longitudinally and bidirectionally predict intergroup attitude change in a co-existence camp among Israeli and Palestinian teenagers (3 years of data collection).

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How to Motivate Yourself and Others? Intended and Unintended Consequences [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Fishbach, A. (2015). How to motivate yourself and others? Intended and unintended consequences. Research in Organizational Behavior, 35, 123-141. [Science Direct Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper overviews three common motivational strategies and when they backfire: giving feedback, setting goal targets, and applying incentives.

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The “Empty Vessel” Physician: Instrumentality Makes Physicians Seem Personally Empty [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Fishbach, A. (2015). The “empty vessel” physician: Instrumentality makes physicians seem personally empty. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 6, 940-949. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that individuals who have more need for medical care focus more on physicians’ traits relevant to their needs, perceiving physicians as more competent and failing to notice their personal emotions (6 experiments).

  • Supplementals, Data, Materials

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The Sound of Intellect: Speech Reveals a Thoughtful Mind, Increasing a Job Candidate’s Appeal [PDF]→

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Schroeder, J., & Epley, N. (2015). The sound of intellect: Speech reveals a thoughtful mind, increasing a job candidate’s appeal. Psychological Science, 26, 877-891. [SAGE Journals Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that people evaluate job candidates’ mental capacities more highly when they hear their “elevator pitches” than when they read them, and are more interested in hiring them (4 experiments).

  • Featured as Editor’s Choice in Science, 348, p. 877.

  • Supplementals, Data, Analyses, Materials

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Mistakenly Seeking Solitude [PDF]→

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Epley, N., & Schroeder, J. (2014). Mistakenly seeking solitude. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 143, 1980-1999. [APA PsycNet Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that people prefer to sit in solitude in public settings (on buses, trains, cabs, and in waiting rooms) than to talk to a stranger, but when randomly assigned to talk to a stranger in these same settings, report greater happiness and no less productivity compared with sitting in silence or doing what they want (10 experiments).

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A (Creative) Portrait of the Uncertain Individual: Self-Uncertainty and Individualism Enhance Creative Generation [PDF]→

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Rios, K., Markman, K.D., Schroeder, J., & Dyczewski, E.A. (2014). A (creative) portrait of the uncertain individual: Self-uncertainty and individualism enhance creative generation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 40, 1050-1062. [SAGE Journals Link]

  • Short Summary: This paper finds that self-uncertainty, relative to uncertainty in general, increases creative generation among individualists (5 studies).

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